Mountain Waves

Mountain Waves are oscillations to the lee side (downwind) of high ground resulting from the disturbance in the horizontal air flow caused by the high ground. Vertical currents within the oscillations can reach 2,000 ft/min. The combination of these strong vertical currents and surface friction may cause rotors to form beneath the mountain waves causing severe turbulence.

Mountain Waves are associated with severe turbulence, strong vertical currents, and icing.

For information on the formation of Mountain Waves, go to the separate dedicated article.