The P-factor, also called "asymmetric disk loading", "asymmetric blade effect" is an aerodynamic phenomenon that is associated with the rotation of a propeller. Sometimes the blades are subject to different loads and therefore produce different lift (or thrust), therefore the term "asymmetric" is used to describe the effect - the lift (or thrust) produced by the propeller is not uniform. The result is that the aircraft shows a tendency to turn in a particular direction with no control surface inputs being made.
Effects
The most notable examples where the P-factor is experienced are: